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Phosphorylation and subsequent interaction with 14-3-3 proteins regulate plastid glutamine synthetase in Medicago truncatula

Title
Phosphorylation and subsequent interaction with 14-3-3 proteins regulate plastid glutamine synthetase in Medicago truncatula
Type
Article in International Scientific Journal
Year
2006
Authors
lima, l
(Author)
Other
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seabra, a
(Author)
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cullimore, j
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carvalho, h
(Author)
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Journal
Title: PlantaImported from Authenticus Search for Journal Publications
Vol. 223
Pages: 558-567
ISSN: 0032-0935
Publisher: Springer Nature
Scientific classification
FOS: Natural sciences > Biological sciences
Other information
Authenticus ID: P-004-NK3
Abstract (EN): In this report we demonstrate that plastid glutamine synthetase of Medicago truncatula (MtGS2) is regulated by phosphorylation and 14-3-3 interaction. To investigate regulatory aspects of GS2 phosphorylation, we have produced non-phosphorylated GS2 proteins by expressing the plant cDNA in E. coli and performed in vitro phosphorylation assays. The recombinant isoenzyme was phosphorylated by calcium dependent kinase(s) present in leaves, roots and nodules. Using an (His)(6)-tagged 14-3-3 protein column affinity purification method, we demonstrate that phosphorylated GS2 interacts with 14-3-3 proteins and that this interaction leads to selective proteolysis of the plastid located isoform, resulting in inactivation of the isoenzyme. By site directed mutagenesis we were able to identify a GS2 phosphorylation site (Ser97) crucial for the interaction with 14-3-3s. Phosphorylation of this target residue can be functionally mimicked by replacing Ser97 by Asp, indicating that the introduction of a negative charge contributes to the interaction with 14-3-3 proteins and subsequent specific proteolysis. Furthermore, we document that plant extracts contain protease activity that cleaves the GS2 protein only when it is bound to 14-3-3 proteins following either phosphorylation or mimicking of phosphorylation by Ser97Asp.
Language: English
Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific
Contact: mhcarval@ibmc.up.pt
No. of pages: 10
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