Abstract (EN):
<jats:p>The photometric catalogue of galaxy clusters extracted from ESA <jats:italic>Euclid</jats:italic> data is expected to be very competitive for cosmological studies. Using dedicated hydrodynamical simulations, we present systematic analyses simulating the expected weak-lensing profiles from clusters in a variety of dynamic states and for a wide range of redshifts. In order to derive cluster masses, we use a model consistent with the implementation within the <jats:italic>Euclid</jats:italic> Consortium of the dedicated processing function and find that when we jointly model the mass and concentration parameter of the Navarro¿Frenk¿White halo profile, the weak-lensing masses tend to be biased low by 5¿10% on average with respect to the true mass, up to <jats:italic>z</jats:italic>¿=¿0.5. For a fixed value for the concentration <jats:italic>c</jats:italic><jats:sub>200</jats:sub>¿=¿3, the mass bias is decreases to lower than 5%, up to <jats:italic>z</jats:italic>¿=¿0.7, along with the relative uncertainty. Simulating the weak-lensing signal by projecting along the directions of the axes of the moment of inertia tensor ellipsoid, we find that orientation matters: when clusters are oriented along the major axis, the lensing signal is boosted, and the recovered weak-lensing mass is correspondingly overestimated. Typically, the weak-lensing mass bias of individual clusters is modulated by the weak-lensing signal-to-noise ratio, which is related to the redshift evolution of the number of galaxies used for weak-lensing measurements: the negative mass bias tends to be stronger toward higher redshifts. However, when we use a fixed value of the concentration parameter, the redshift evolution trend is reduced. These results provide a solid basis for the weak-lensing mass calibration required by the cosmological application of future cluster surveys from <jats:italic>Euclid</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Rubin</jats:italic>.</jats:p>
Language:
English
Type (Professor's evaluation):
Scientific