Chemical Characterization and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Properties of the Wild Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum Growing in Northern Moroccan Forests

• Type: Article in International Scientific Journal
• Date: 2023

Authors

Erbiai, E (Author) FCUP; Amina, B (Author) Other; Kaoutar, A (Author) Other; Saidi, R (Author) Other; Lamrani, Z (Author) Other; Eugenia Pinto (Author) FFUP; Joaquim C G E Esteves da Silva (Author) FCUP; Maouni, A (Author) Other; da Silva, LP (Author) FCUP

Journal

Title: LIFE-BASEL

Vol. 13

Final page: 1217

ISSN: 2075-1729

Publisher: MDPI

Indexing

ISI Web of Knowledge - 9 Citations

Scopus - 12 Citations

Other information

Authenticus ID: P-00Y-DKH

DOI: 10.3390/life13051217

Abstract (EN): Ganoderma lucidum is an extensively famous medicinal mushroom distributed worldwide. Despite being widely grown in Moroccan forests, there are no studies on its nutritional, nutraceutical and pharmaceutical values. Herein, the objective of this study was to investigate the chemical characterization and antimicrobial properties of G. lucidum methanolic extract. Total phenolic, flavonoid, tannin, ascorbic acid and carotenoid contents were determined by spectrophotometry. The results revealed that the most prevalent bioactive compounds were phenolics and flavonoids, with total values of 154.60 mg GAE/g of dry methanolic extract (dme) and 60.55 mg CE/mg of dme, respectively. A GC-MS analysis identified 80 biologically active molecules, which were mainly divided into the following major groups: sugars (49.49%), organic acids (8.89%), fatty acids (7.75%), amino acids (7.44%), steroids (7.32%), polyphenols (5.92%), and others (13.16%). Additionally, 22 individual phenolic compounds were identified and quantified using HPLC-MS, with emphasis on kaempferol (1714 mu g/g of dry weight (dw)), apigenin (1955 mu g/g dw) and quercetin (947.2 mu g/g dw). The methanolic extract of G. lucidum indicated strong antioxidant capacity by means of the following: DPPH radical-scavenging activity (53.7 mu g/mL), beta-carotene/linoleate assay (43.75 mu g/mL), and reducing power assay (76.62 mu g/mL). Furthermore, the extract exhibited potent antimicrobial properties against seven human pathogenic microorganisms, including two bacteria and five fungal strains, at concentrations ranging from 1 to 16 mg/mL. The most sensitive pathogen was Epidermophyton floccosum (MIC = MFC = 1 mg/mL), while Aspergillus fumigatus was the most resistant one (MIC = 16 mg/mL and MFC >= 16 mg/mL). Overall, our findings demonstrated valuable nutritional and bioactive compound attributes, and potent antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, of G. lucidum growing in Moroccan forests. Moreover, these findings suggest that the Moroccan mushroom can be extremely useful for the food and medicinal industries to positively affect socioeconomic status.

Language: English

Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific

No. of pages: 18