Dietary magnesium supplementation prevents and reverses vascular and soft tissue calcifications in uremic rats

• Type: Article in International Scientific Journal
• Date: 2017

Authors

Diaz Tocados, JM (Author) Other; Peralta Ramirez, A (Author) Other; Rodriguez Ortiz, ME (Author) Other; Raya, AI (Author) Other; Lopez, I (Author) Other; Pineda, C (Author) Other; Herencia, C (Author) Other; de Oca, AM (Author) Other; Vergara, N (Author) Other; Steppan, S (Author) Other; de Mier, MVPR (Author) Other; Buendia, P (Author) Other; Carmona, A (Author) Other; Carracedo, J (Author) Other; Alcala Diaz, JF (Author) Other; João Frazão (Author) FMUP; Martinez Moreno, JM (Author) Other; Canalejo, A (Author) Other; Felsenfeld, A (Author) Other; Rodriguez, M (Author) Other; Aguilera Tejero, E (Author) Other; Almaden, Y (Author) Other; Munoz Castaneda, JR (Author) Other

Journal

Title: Kidney International

Vol. 92

Pages: 1084-1099

ISSN: 0085-2538

Publisher: Elsevier

Indexing

ISI Web of Knowledge - 91 Citations

Scopus - 95 Citations

Other information

Authenticus ID: P-00N-5KW

DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2017.04.011

Abstract (EN): Although magnesium has been shown to prevent vascular calcification in vitro, controlled in vivo studies in uremic animal models are limited. To determine whether dietary magnesium supplementation protects against the development of vascular calcification, 5/6 nephrectomized Wistar rats were fed diets with different magnesium content increasing from 0.1 to 1.1%. In one study we analyzed bone specimens from rats fed 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.6% magnesium diets, and in another study we evaluated the effect of intraperitoneal magnesium on vascular calcification in 5/6 nephrectomized rats. The effects of magnesium on established vascular calcification were also evaluated in uremic rats fed on diets with either normal (0.1%) or moderately increased magnesium (0.6%) content. The increase in dietary magnesium resulted in a marked reduction in vascular calcification, together with improved mineral metabolism and renal function. Moderately elevated dietary magnesium (0.3%), but not high dietary magnesium (0.6%), improved bone homeostasis as compared to basal dietary magnesium (0.1%). Results of our study also suggested that the protective effect of magnesium on vascular calcification was not limited to its action as an intestinal phosphate binder since magnesium administered intraperitoneally also decreased vascular calcification. Oral magnesium supplementation also reduced blood pressure in uremic rats, and in vitro medium magnesium decreased BMP-2 and p65-NF-kappa B in TNF-alpha-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Finally, in uremic rats with established vascular calcification, increasing dietary magnesium from 0.1% magnesium to 0.6% reduced the mortality rate from 52% to 28%, which was associated with reduced vascular calcification. Thus, increasing dietary magnesium reduced both vascular calcification and mortality in uremic rats.

Language: English

Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific

No. of pages: 16