Architecture

Code:

L.EC014

Acronym:

ARQ

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Complementary Sciences/Technologies

Instance: 2022/2023 - 1S

Active?	Yes
Web Page:	http://sigarra.up.pt/feup/pt/ucurr_adm.ficha_uc_edit?pv_ocorrencia_id=484785
Responsible unit:	Construction and Materials Section
Course/CS Responsible:	Bachelor in Civil Engineering

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
L.EC	168	Syllabus	2	-	6	45,5	162

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

1 - Technical aims
a) Transmitting a good comprehensive understanding of Architecture as a creative act and as a system of sub-systems, as well as its role in the construction practice in Portugal.
b) Develop the ability to read/interpret architecture projects, through the assimilation of the technical drawing language of the design of spaces, in general.
c) To encourage students for the procedural principles that structure architecture projects (hierarchy, phases evolution, regulatory implications, joint policies in housing construction, etc), as well as for the effectiveness of the articulation between civil engineering practitioners and architecture practitioners.
d) Reflect on the challenges of architecture in the context of new European regulatory requirements.
e) Demonstrating the importance of the factors that contribute to the good performance of the Civil Engineer in the field of Architecture and Construction.

2 - Critical and formative aims
a) Assimilate the analytical path of architecture in the historical evolution of the architecture space, articulated with constructive and structural innovations.
b) Framing the monographic review of the main movements and works of architecture (to date) in order to broaden cultural and architectural training and raise aesthetic awareness.
c) Define their professional skills in terms of work performance  in multidisciplinary teams.

Learning outcomes and competences

Knowledge: To describe the main concepts of architecture and its subsystems and identify vernacular and erudite construction techniques, as well as the principles underlying the creation of architecture throughout History.

Understanding: To interpret and manipulate drawn and written elements as part of an architecture project. Identify the representation codes and elements of construction techniques and link them carefully to structural and non-structural parts, identifying and distinguishing them from each other. Developing applied exercises on the reading and interpretation of architecture design and their articulation with the other civil engineering specialities. Drawing as a fundamental communication tool between specialists.

Application: To establish procedures for categorising the various conceptual and constructive solutions in different periods of the History of Architecture up to the beginning of the XXI century, in order to identify new interpretations of architecture spaces. Development of applied exercises on the different ways of representing building systems at different scales.

Analysis: To compare and classify the results of research on the set of constructive and structural systems intrinsically associated to the Architectural form. Investigate the ancestral achievements of earthen architecture in the face of the current demands of the climatic transition.

Synthesis: To analyse construction technologies in the presence of contemporary architectural design solutions, in public buildings or residential buildings (or mixed use buildings).

Evaluation: To criticize the procedures and practices normally used. Critically re-examine recent techniques; reflect on possible improvements in construction practices and new methods for construction.

Engineering Design: develop practical and laboratorial exercises about construction technologies and articulation of the different systems and infrastructures that converge to the architectural object as a whole.

Engineering Research: To identify the various sources of technical and scientific references accessible via Web and via FEUP Library, and their applicability in the national context.

Engineering Practice: To know and contact public and private entities, to promote study visits guided by technicians from outside the Faculty and to questione the articulation of the engineering specialties projects with the architecture design.

Working method

Presencial

Pre-requirements (prior knowledge) and co-requirements (common knowledge)

In a general way, the following are considered essential knowledge for the Architecture course: understanding of the territory and its topography and physiology, reading and understanding of architectural projects based on technical drawing, and understanding the architectural object in its direct relationship with civil engineering and other specialties, as well as with construction processes and structural systems.

Regarding the domain of competences acquired by attending other courses of the Civil Engineering Degree, which can contribute to the robust students' preparation in conjunction with the Architecture course, the following stand out, in particular:

a) From the 1st Year
- Technical Drawing (1st sem.);
- Topography and Geographic Information Systems (2nd sem.);
- History of Civil Engineering (1st sem.).

b) From 2nd Year
- Transversal Skills - occasionally (2nd sem.).

Program

Part I
ARCHITECTURE READING AND INTERPRETATION.
Aims of the discipline. Introduction of basic notions and fundamental considerations about the architectural fact. The notions of Space, Architecture, Structure and Composition. How is architectural space characterized. The Space created by things. How did Architecture appear? The need to delimit a space. The "empty" as an Entity. The assumptions of Architecture. The elements of architectural composition. Spatial perception. Empty space; abstract space. The elements of architecture composition and architecture constraints. The volumetric composition. the formal organization. The visual space qualities.
Construction methods and systems - conclusion.

Part II
THE METHODOLOGY OF THE ARCHITECTURE PROJECT.
The Architecture Project - phasing. Program. Licensing Project. Descriptive and justificatory report. Projects of specialities. General project. Project Detailed project. Specifications. Technical, general and special conditions. Table of quantities and measurements. Estimate budget. Drawings. Detailing the design and the work.

Part III
LEXICON OF TECHNICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL TERMS.
Introduction to architectural grammar.
Exploration of selected technical terms from the panorama of architecture and construction. Presentation of detailed illustrations - conclusion.

Part IV
LEARNING THE CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES FROM THE VERNACULAR CULTURE. THE SUSTAINABLE DIMENSION OF THE PORTUGUESE AND INTERNATIONAL POPULAR ARCHITECTURE.
From house of Minho region to the house of Algarve region. The insular Architecture - the house of the Madeira archipelago and the house of the Açores archipelago.

Part V
THE ARCHITECTURAL SPACE THROUGH HISTORY
Analysis of the evolution of the architectural form through the understanding of the systems and associated technologies, from the Classic Antiquity to the 19th, 20th and early 21st centuries.

Mandatory literature

Bruno Zevi; Saber ver a arquitectura. ISBN: 85-336-0541-2
JORDAN, R.Furneaux; História da Arquitectura no Ocidente, Editorial Verbo, 1985
TAFURI, Manfredo; Teorias e História da Arquitectura, Editorial Presença/Martins Fontes, 1979
CHING, Francis D. K. ; Forma, Espacio y orden, Ediciones Gustavo Gili/México, 1998. ISBN: 968-887-340-3
ALVES, F. Brandão; Rangel, Bárbara; Engineering as a lesson in architecture / A Engenharia como Lição de Arquitetura, CDO – Revista Cientifica Internacional de Construção, nº 04 pp. 92-94 – GEQUALEC - FEUP, 2013. ISBN: 978-989-96696-9-7
Marco Vitrúvio Polião; Tratado de Arquitectura - Os Dez Livros de Architectura, IST Press (http://www.fnac.pt/Tratado-de-Arquitectura-Vitruvio/a178447)
RODRIGUES, M. et al. ; Vocabulário Técnico e Crítico de Arquitectura, Quimera, 2002. ISBN: 9789725891452
BRANCO, J. Paz ; Dicionário técnico de construção civil, Coop. Técnica, EP Gustave Eiffel, 1993. ISBN: Depósito Legal 68236/93
DETHIER, Jean & CARDOSO, Helena; Arquitecturas de terra ou o futuro de uma tradição milenar: Europa, Terceiro Mundo, Estados Unidos,, Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, 1990
ALVES, F. Brandão & RANGEL, Bárbara; O contributo do ensino da Arquitectura na formação dos estudantes de Engenharia Civil da FEUP, Colégio das Artes da Universidade de Coimbra, 2012. ISBN: Teaching through Design
RANGEL, B., SOUSA, H., ALVES, F. ; Sustentabilidade e Tecnologias Tradicionais na Arquitectura Contemporânea Portuguesa, Forum of Construction Technology Conference - FEUP, 2009
RANGEL, B., SOUSA, H., ALVES, F.; A matéria como instrumento da composição arquitectónica. O contributo metodológico dos sistemas tradicionais de alvenarias resistentes de pedra na arquitectura contemporânea portuguesa, GEQUALEC, 2009. ISBN: 978-989-96696-9-7
da CUNHA, Luís Veiga; Desenho Técnico, Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, 2004. ISBN: 9789723110661

Complementary Bibliography

HERTZBERGER, Herman ; Lições de Arquitetura, Martins Fontes, S.Paulo - 2ª Edição, 1999. ISBN: 85-336-1034-3
ALBERNAZ, M. P. & LIMA, C. M.; Dicionário Ilustrado de Arquitetura, Vicent Wissenbach. ISBN: CDD 720.981-03
HERNANDÉZ-RIOS, R. A.; QUE ES ESTRUCTURA?, Cuadernos Del Instituto Juan de Herrera, 2008. ISBN: 84-89977-98-4

Comments from the literature

Students are provided with additional support texts in due course.

Teaching methods and learning activities

Given the nature of the subjects of the course unit and its theoretical content, the classes will always be supported, as much as possible, by the E-Learning system, by audiovisual means (e.g., showing films about different periods of history, architectural monographs covered in the syllabus, projection of a series of PowerPoint slides, and other private sources specifically oriented to some of the subjects - Analysis of Architectural Form, Typologies and Organization of Architectural Space, Legislation, among others). Furthermore, students will be stimulated to reflect on several subjects, either following the subjects lectured in class (subject programme), or by the debate aroused by technical visits to reference works.
The practical and laboratory classes accompany the study of the theoretical topics throughout the application of several exercises focused on understanding the design, the construction technologies, the infrastructures and the structural system, under the vision of an entire articulatation with the Architecture form.

DEMONSTRATION OF COHERENCE OF TEACHING METHODOLOGIES WITH THE LEARNING OBJECTIVES OF THE CURRICULAR UNIT
The teaching methods allow establishing procedures for categorizing the various conceptual and constructive solutions in different periods of the history of architecture until the beginning of the XXI century, in order to identify the evolution and the new Architecture interpretations.

DEMONSTRATION OF COHERENCE OF THE COURSE CONTENTS WITH THE OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE UNIT
Considering that the Civil Engineering student may develop, in his/her professional path, projects for different construction infrastructures, namely for buildings, such practice will imply the need to know how to effectively articulate its solution to the one recommended by the architect and/or by other designers.


Scientific Content - estimated distribution - 40%.
Technological Content - estimated distribution - 60%.

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation without final exam

Assessment Components

Designation	Weight (%)
Teste	50,00
Trabalho laboratorial	25,00
Trabalho prático ou de projeto	25,00
Total:	100,00

Amount of time allocated to each course unit

Designation	Time (hours)
Frequência das aulas	45,50
Trabalho de campo	4,00
Trabalho laboratorial	4,00
Total:	53,50

Eligibility for exams

To obtain the final grade, the course attendance is required, as established in the LEC assessment rules.
A student is considered to have complied with the attendance of the course, if having been regularly enrolled, without exceeding the limit number of absences, which corresponds to 25% of the class regimes foreseen.

Calculation formula of final grade

- Theoretical component TC
Elaboration of 1 test at the end of the semester - eventually using the Moodle platform (SIGEX - on-line).

- Theoretical-practical component - TPC
Exercise 1 + Exercise 2 + Exercise 3 (compulsory items).

The Exam of the Season of Appeal, can be developed or not in the same modality of the test or, if opportune, an oral exam can be done.

FINAL CLASSIFICATION (FC) = 0.50 TC + 0.50 TPC

Examinations or Special Assignments

Students on Special Programmes may be allowed to replace the test by a monograph, developed individually, where agreed with the Lecturer.

Internship work/project

Not applicable.

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

Assessment carried out at the term ending or at the students with special statutes term: whenever the students have not previously completed the theoretical-practical component, they may do it according to any specific provisions duly articulated with the teachers, namely through a written test with a practical component and a theoretical component.
In the case of mobile students, the assessment may be based only on an individual monograph (on a subject to be agreed/proposed) to be developed during the semester and to be finished until the end of classes.
Formula for calculation of the evaluation when it is based on the development of an individual monograph - scale 0-20. Students who eventually obtain a mark of 18 (or more) in the evaluation of the monograph may be asked to discuss the work face to face, with the teachers, in a date to be agreed.

Classification improvement

The improvement of assessment can be done in the 2nd Call Exam.

Observations

Estimated time of work outside class: 20 hours.