Fluid Mechanics

Code:

EIG0024

Acronym:

MF

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Heat Transfer and Fluid

Instance: 2011/2012 - 2S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Fluids and Energy Division
Course/CS Responsible:	Master in Engineering and Industrial Management

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
MIEIG	87	Syllabus since 2006/2007	3	-	6	56	160

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

This course unit aims to make students understand and analyse the behaviour of fluids at rest and in motion, based on the fundamental laws of mechanics and using specific methodologies. Hence they can solve problems of fluid mechanics in the areas of engineering.

At the end of the first month, students should be capable of:
1. characterizing fluids regarding their properties. Students should also be capable of solving simple problems using Newton’s law of viscosity.
2. applying hydrostatic principles to determine pressure, centres of pressure and manometry.
3. applying Bernoulli equation to the study of flows, discharge measurement and flow velocity.

At the end of the semester, students should be capable of:
4. applying and be acquainted with the basic principles of dimensional analysis in the experimental study of fluid mechanics
5. applying mass and energy conservation equations to the study of duct flows.
6. understanding the functioning of pumps and ventilators, so that the right equipment is selected.
7. determining interaction forces associated to flows and immersed bodies

Program

INTRODUCTION
Scope and significance of Fluid Mechanics; Concept of fluid; Properties of fluids; Newton’s law of viscosity

FLUID STATICS
Balance of forces in a fluid at rest
Hydrostatic equation
Manometry
Forces on immersed surfaces
Centre of pressure
Buoyancy

FLUID KINEMATICS
Concept of flow
Properties of velocity fields
Streamlines and trajectories
Langrangian- Eulerian description
Concept of discharge and average velocity



INTRODUCTION TO FLUID DYNAMICS (non-viscous fluids)
Newton’s 2nd law applied to a fluid particle
Euler’s and Bernoulli’s equations
Application of Bernoulli’s equation
Dynamic pressure and total pressure
Stagnation point
Pitot and Ventri tube
Velocity and discharge measurement

FUNDAMENTAL EQUATIONS (integral formulation)
Conservation of mass equation, linear equation of motion and energy equation
Examples of application

DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS AND SIMILARITY
Dimensionless: functional dependence
Buckingham PI theorem
Interpretation of the most common dimensionless groups in Fluid Mechanics
Similarity and modeling
Conditions of similarity

INTERIOR FLOWS
Flow regimes and entry zones
Calculation of load loss
Pumps and ventilators:

EXTERIOR FLOWS
Force on an immersed body in a flow
Flow over a flat plate
Creeping and buoyancy

Mandatory literature

Frank M. White; Fluid mechanics. ISBN: 978-0-07-128645-9
Marcel Escudier; The essence of engineering fluid mechanics. ISBN: 0-13-728296-6

Complementary Bibliography

Bruce R. Munson... [et al.]; Fundamentals of fluid mechanics. ISBN: 978-0-470-39881-4
Luis Adriano Oliveira, António Gameiro Lopes; Mecânica dos fluidos. ISBN: 972-8480-13-X
Yunus A. Çengel, John M. Cimbala; Fluid mechanics. ISBN: 0-07-111566-8
Merle C. Potter, David C. Wiggert; Mechanics of fluids. ISBN: 0-13-571142-8

Teaching methods and learning activities

Theoretical classes will be based on the presentation of the program and on the presentation and resolution of problems, which illustrate the theoretical concepts taught.
Practical classes will be based on the discussion of exercises.
Students will be asked to solve problems; At the end of the class all students’ questions will be answered
Students will also be asked to do a laboratory assignment and write a report about it.

Evaluation Type

Evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

Description	Type	Time (hours)	Weight (%)	End date
Attendance (estimated)	Participação presencial	0,00
	Total:	-	0,00

Eligibility for exams

To be admitted to exams, students have to be enrolled in the course unit and do not miss more classes than allowed by the rules. Besides they have to reach a minimum average mark of 8 out of 20 in both assessment components.

Calculation formula of final grade

Final Exam worth 100%
(*) The exam will cover all the program of the course unit.

Regular presence and participation may benefit the final classification with at most +1 value out of 20.

Examinations or Special Assignments

According to the rules:
I) Students who attended to the course in previous years and who are attending this year: they will be assessed as ordinary students. However, if they wish they do not need to attend to classes.
II) Students who did not attend to the course in previous years: they will be assed as ordinary students.

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

Regulations

Classification improvement

Recurso (resit exam) or mark improvement: Students who attended to this course unit can attend to the recurso (resit exam) and improve their marks. This exam is worth 100% of the final mark.

Observations

Classrooms will be equipped with multimedia equipment.