Thermodynamics

Code:

EA0018

Acronym:

T

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Interp/Personal professional attitudes and capac.
OFICIAL	Environmental Technologies
OFICIAL	Basic Sciences
OFICIAL	Engineering Sciences

Instance: 2008/2009 - 1S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Department of Chemical Engineering
Course/CS Responsible:	Master in Environmental Engineering

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
MIEA	32	Syllabus since 2006/07	3	-	6	56	162

Teaching language

Portuguese

Objectives

1. Technical Knowledges: nuclear knowledges on engineering science, namely related to the concepts of classical thermodynamics, providing methodologies to calculate thermodynamic properties and phase equilibria.
2. Personal and Professional Aptitudes: resolution of engineering exercises - development of capacities to integrate previous concepts and knowledges.

Program

INTRODUCTION: Basic concepts. Law zero of thermodynamics. THE FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS: Internal energy. Statement of the first law of thermodynamics. Concept of enthalpy. Heat capacities at constant volume and constant pressure. Calculations of heat and PV-work. Irreversible processes. THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS: Statement of the second law of thermodynamics. Carnot cycle. Carnot cycle for an ideal gas. Carnot cycle for refrigeration. The concept of entropy. Entropy for ideal gases - effect of pressure and temperature. The third law of thermodynamics. PROPERTIES OF PURE FLUIDS: P-T and P-V diagrams. Virial equation of state. Compressibility factor. Cubic equations of state. Generalized correlations. Antoine's equation. Enthalpy and entropy for phase transition. THERMODYNAMIC RELATIONS: Relations among properties of homogeneous phases. Maxwell's equations. General expressions for the calculation of enthalpy and entropy. Helmholtz and Gibbs functions. Residual properties. Calculation of residual properties using equations of state and generalized correlations. SOLUTION THERMODYNAMICS: Fundamental property relation. The concept of chemical potential and its relationship with phase equilibria. Ideal gas mixtures and Gibbs's theorem. Ideal solution model. Partial properties. Equations relating molar and partial molar properties. Gibbs-Duhem equation. Partial properties for binary mixtures. Relations among partial properties. PHASE EQUILIBRIA: Application of the chemical potencial to phase equilibria. Fugacity and fugacity coefficient for pure species. Vapour-Liquid equilibrium for pure species in terms of fugacities. Fugacity for pure liquids. Fugacity and fugacity coefficient for species in solution. Calculation of fugacity coefficients using equations of state and generalized correlations. Raoult and Henry laws. Lewis-Randall's rule. Excess properties. Models for excess Gibbs energy. Equations for activity coefficients. Property changes of mixing. Vapor-Liquid equilibrium. Liquid-Liquid equilibrium. Solid-Liquid equilibrium.

Mandatory literature

Sandler, Stanley I. 1940-; Chemical and engineering thermodynamics. ISBN: 0-471-18210-9
Smith, J. M.; Introduction to chemical engineering thermodynamics. ISBN: 007-124708-4

Teaching methods and learning activities

1) Lectures to introduce the theory and solving some exemplificative problems;
2) Lectures to solve and analyse proposed exercises;
3) Tutorials;
4) Office-hours.

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

Description	Type	Time (hours)	Weight (%)	End date
Subject Classes	Participação presencial	72,00
	Exame	2,00		2008-11-07
	Total:	-	0,00

Eligibility for exams

Students must follow FEUP's regulations concerning attainment of frequency.

Calculation formula of final grade

The students may choose one of the two criteria:

1) Two partial tests:
-the first one on the 3rd November:

a) students who do not deliver this first test are allowed to come to the final examination during the first call;

b) students with a classification of 6 or less than 6 (0-20) must attend the final examination during the second call;

c) students with a classification higher than 6 (0-20) must attend the second test, which will take place on the same date of the final examination during the first call;

Both tests will have identical weight for the calculation of the final classification. The first test will cover the contents until that date and the second one the remaining.

2) Final examination.

Examinations or Special Assignments

Not applicable.

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

Exam.

Classification improvement

Not applicable.