Geological and Geophysical Surveying

Code:

EMG0027

Acronym:

PGG

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Physics, Earth Sciences

Instance: 2020/2021 - 2S

Active?	Yes
Responsible unit:	Mining Engineering Department
Course/CS Responsible:	Bachelor in Mining and Geo-Environmental Engineering

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
LCEEMG	9	Plano de estudos oficial a partir de 2008/09	3	-	6	56	162

Teaching language

Suitable for English-speaking students

Objectives

To provide students with an integrated view of different geophysical methods within their geological context, namely: the physical principles they are based on, the most commonly used interpretation techniques, the related equipment and application domains, in particular mining, geotechnical, geo-environmental, archaeological and civil/structures.

Learning outcomes and competences

Ability to select adequate methods and to conduct field work, including acquisition, data analysis and basic interpretation.

Working method

Presencial

Pre-requirements (prior knowledge) and co-requirements (common knowledge)

Mathematical Analysis I and II; Physics

Program

Presentation. Course overview;
Summary of the different methods to be developed.

Geophysical Exploration
- seismic methods including refraction, reflection, down-hole, up-hole, cross-hole, tomography;
- geo-electrical methods including resistivity, spontaneous and induced polarization, electrical profiles, vertical electrical sounding (VES);
- electromagnetic radiation and induction methods in particular VLF and ground penetrating radar (GPR);
- gravimetric method;
- magnetic method.

For each method: - its geological context; - description of physical principles, field survey techniques and related equipment and interpretation techniques; in some cases such as in gravimetric, seismic and resistivity, the direct and inverse problems will be considered; - discussion about the application domains. Theoretical-practical complements of the considered subjects, namely related to the direct problem. Presentation of geophysical equipment, namely for resistivity, GPR and seismic, and their use during field classes, in short site investigation surveys. Interpretations examples with field data: Field lessons are planned in which some equipment will be used, namely for seismic methods, electrical resistivity, GPR and VLF. Examples of signal handling using the Excel spreadsheet, MatLab and ReflexW software. Presentation of public domain software for solving the direct problem in the resistivity method.

Mandatory literature

Philip Kearey, Michael Brooks, Ian Hill; An introduction to geophysical exploration. ISBN: 0-632-04929-4
C. E. de M. Fernandes // Carlos Eduardode Moraes; Fundamentos de prospecção de geofísica (( versão digital em http://athena.fe.up.pt:8881/F/?func=service& doc_library=EDG01& doc_number=000020412& line_number=0001& service_type=MEDIA))
John Milsom; Field geophysics. ISBN: 0-470-84347-0
The Berkeley Course; Applied Geophysics (http://appliedgeophysics.berkeley.edu:7057/)
McKinstry, Hugh Exton; Geologia de minas. ISBN: 84-282-0028-9

Teaching methods and learning activities

Theoretical-practical classes. Oral exposition, using transparencies and image projection. Practical exercises.

Depending on Covid directives:

Use of geophysical equipment in data acquisition and introduction to data treatment and interpretation.

Software

RES2DMOD
REFLEXW

keywords

Natural sciences > Environmental science > Earth science > Geophysical sciences

Evaluation Type

Distributed evaluation with final exam

Assessment Components

Designation	Weight (%)
Trabalho escrito	35,00
Exame	40,00
Participação presencial	25,00
Total:	100,00

Amount of time allocated to each course unit

Designation	Time (hours)
Estudo autónomo	82,00
Frequência das aulas	60,00
Trabalho escrito	20,00
Total:	162,00

Eligibility for exams

Attended classes in number equal to or exceeding the minimum allowed by FEUP General Evaluation Rules and a minimum final grade of 6,0 out of 20, in the student's continuous assessment, "Avaliação Distribuída".
The assessment comprises 100%, assignments and students’ performance. (see "Observações).
Students with special status have to perform the same practical assignments as regular students, excepting attendance of classes.

Calculation formula of final grade

Final grade, for students having obtained attendance (as defined in the item "Obtenção de frequência": Distributed Grade, 60% + Normal Season Exam, 40%.

Students without obtaining attendance (Obtenção de frequência) will not have access to the Normal Season exam.
They may take a "Recurso" exam, possibly with an oral component. In these cases, the final mark will be calculated by assigning a weight of 75% to the Resist exam and 25% to the Distributed Assessment - work and performance component.

Grades higher than 18 must be defended orally.

Examinations or Special Assignments

Not foreseen.

Internship work/project

Not applicable.

Special assessment (TE, DA, ...)

According to "Regulamento de Avaliação dos Discentes".

Classification improvement

"Recurso" exam.

Observations

The convenience and feasibility of a test and/or fieldwork, as another component of the Distributed Assessment, may be evaluated.