Toxicity evaluation of three pesticides on non-target aquatic and soil organisms: commercial formulation versus active ingredient

• Type: Article in International Scientific Journal
• Date: 2009

Authors

Joana L Pereira (Author) Other; Sara C Antunes (Author) Other; Bruno B Castro (Author) Other; Catarina R Marques (Author) Other; Ana M M Goncalves (Author) Other; Fernando Goncalves (Author) Other; Ruth Pereira (Author) Other

Journal

Title: Ecotoxicology

Vol. 18

Pages: 455-463

ISSN: 0963-9292

Publisher: Springer Nature

Indexing

ISI Web of Knowledge - 192 Citations

Scopus - 201 Citations

Scientific classification

FOS: Medical and Health sciences > Basic medicine

Other information

Authenticus ID: P-003-KAA

DOI: 10.1007/s10646-009-0300-y

Abstract (EN): The Ecological Risk Assessment of pesticides requires data regarding their toxicity to aquatic and terrestrial non-target species. Such requirements concern active ingredient(s), generally not considering the noxious potential of commercial formulations. This work intends to contribute with novel information on the effects of short-term exposures to two herbicides, with different modes of action (Spasor(A (R)), Stam Novel Flo 480(A (R))), and an insecticide (Lannate(A (R))), as well as to corresponding active ingredients (Glyphosate, Propanil and Methomyl, respectively). The microalga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (growth inhibition), the cladoceran Daphnia magna (immobilisation), and the earthworm Eisenia andrei (avoidance behaviour) were used as test species. Both herbicides were innocuous to all test organisms at environmentally realistic concentrations, except for Stam and Propanil (highly toxic for Pseudokirchneriella; moderately toxic to Daphnia). Lannate and Methomyl were highly toxic to Daphnia and caused Eisenia to significantly avoid the spiked soil at realistic application rates. The toxicity of formulations either overestimated (e.g. Stam/Propanil for P. subcapitata) or underestimated (e.g. Stam/Propanil for D. magna) that of the active ingredient.

Language: English

Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific

No. of pages: 9