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High-resolution mtDNA evidence for the late-glacial resettlement of Europe from an Iberian refugium

Title
High-resolution mtDNA evidence for the late-glacial resettlement of Europe from an Iberian refugium
Type
Article in International Scientific Journal
Year
2005
Authors
Pereira, L
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Richards, M
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Alonso, A
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Albarran, C
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Garcia, O
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Behar, DM
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Golge, M
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Hatina, J
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Al Gazali, L
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Bradley, DG
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Macaulay, V
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Amorim, A
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Journal
Title: Genome ResearchImported from Authenticus Search for Journal Publications
Vol. 15
Pages: 19-24
ISSN: 1088-9051
Scientific classification
FOS: Natural sciences > Biological sciences
Other information
Authenticus ID: P-000-5S8
Abstract (EN): The advent of complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence data has ushered in a new phase of human evolutionary Studies. Even quite limited volumes of complete mtDNA sequence data can now be used to identify the critical polymorphisms that define sub-clades within an mtDNA haplogroup, providing a springboard for large-scale high-resolution screening of human mtDNAs. This strategy has in the past been applied to mtDNA haplogroup V, which represents <5% of European mtDNAs. Here we adopted a similar approach to haplogroup H, by far the most common European haplogroup, which at lower resolution displayed a rather uninformative frequency distribution within Europe. Using polymorphism information derived from the growing complete mtDNA sequence database, we sequenced 1580 base pairs of targeted coding-region segments of the mtDNA genome in 649 individuals harboring mtDNA haplogroup H from populations throughout Europe, the Caucasus, and the Near East. The enhanced genealogical resolution clearly shows that sub-clades of haplogroup H have highly distinctive geographical distributions. The patterns of frequency and diversity suggest that haplogroup H entered Europe from the Near East similar to20,000-25,000 years ago, around the time of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), and some sub-clades re-expanded from an Iberian refugium when the glaciers retreated similar to15,000 years ago. This shows that a large fraction of the maternal ancestry of modern Europeans traces back to the expansion of hunter-gatherer populations at the end of the last Ice Age.
Language: English
Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific
Contact: vincent@stats.gla.ac.uk
No. of pages: 6
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