Immunohistochemical Approach to Study Cylindrospermopsin Distribution in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under Different Exposure Conditions

• Type: Article in International Scientific Journal
• Date: 2014

Authors

Remedios Guzmán-Guillén (Author) Other; Daniel Gutiérrez-Praena (Author) Other; María de los �ngeles Risalde (Author) Other; Rosario Moyano (Author) Other; Ana Prieto (Author) Other; Silvia Pichardo (Author) Other; �ngeles Jos (Author) Other; Vitor Vasconcelos (Author) Other; Ana Cameán (Author) Other

Journal

Title: Toxins

Vol. 6

Pages: 283-303

ISSN: 2072-6651

Publisher: MDPI

Indexing

ISI Web of Knowledge - 8 Citations

Scopus - 9 Citations

Other information

Authenticus ID: P-008-Z83

DOI: 10.3390/toxins6010283

Abstract (EN): Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a cytotoxic cyanotoxin produced by several species of freshwater cyanobacteria (i.e., Aphanizomenon ovalisporum). CYN is a tricyclic alkaloid combined with a guanidine moiety. It is well known that CYN inhibits both protein and glutathione synthesis, and also induces genotoxicity and the alteration of different oxidative stress biomarkers. Although the liver and kidney appear to be the main target organs for this toxin based on previous studies, CYN also affects other organs. In the present study, we studied the distribution of CYN in fish (Oreochromis niloticus) under two different exposure scenarios using immunohistochemical (IHC) techniques. In the first method, fish were exposed acutely by intraperitoneal injection or by gavage to 200 mu g pure CYN/Kg body weight (bw), and euthanized after 24 h or five days of exposure. In the second method, fish were exposed by immersion to lyophilized A. ovalisporum CYN-producing cells using two concentration levels (10 or 100 mu g/L) for two different exposure times (7 or 14 days). The IHC was carried out in liver, kidney, intestine, and gills of fish. Results demonstrated a similar pattern of CYN distribution in both experimental methods. The organ that presented the most immunopositive results was the liver, followed by the kidney, intestine, and gills. Moreover, the immunolabeling signal intensified with increasing time in both assays, confirming the delayed toxicity of CYN, and also with the increment of the dose, as it is shown in the sub-chronic assay. Thus, IHC is shown to be a valuable technique to study CYN distribution in these organisms.

Language: English

Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific

No. of pages: 21