Genetic screening for familial gastric cancer

• Type: Article in International Scientific Journal
• Date: 2004

Authors

Oliveira C (Author) FMUP; Suriano G (Author) FMUP; Ferreira P (Author) FMUP; Canedo P (Author) FMUP; Figueiredo C (Author) FMUP; Carneiro F (Author) FMUP; Huntsman D (Author) FMUP; Machado JC (Author) FMUP; Seruca R (Author) FMUP

Journal

Title: Hereditary Cancer in Clinical Practice

Vol. 2

Pages: 51-64

ISSN: 1731-2302

Publisher: Springer Nature

Indexing

Scopus - 33 Citations

Scientific classification

FOS: Medical and Health sciences > Other medical sciences

Other information

Authenticus ID: P-00J-0GJ

DOI: 10.1186/1897-4287-2-2-51

Abstract (EN): Approximately 10% of gastric cancer cases show familial clustering but only 1-3% of gastric carcinomas arise as a result of inherited gastric cancer predisposition syndromes. Direct proof that Hereditary Gastric Cancer is a genetic disease with a germline gene defect has come from the demonstration of co-segregation of germline E-cadherin (CDH1) mutations with early onset diffuse gastric cancer in families with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance (HDGC). E-cadherin is a transmembrane calcium-dependent cell-adhesion molecule involved in cell-junction formation and the maintenance of epithelial integrity. In this review, we describe the frequency and type of CDH1 mutations in sporadic and familial gastric cancer. Further we demonstrate the functional significance of some CDH1 germline missense mutations found in HDGC. We also discuss the CDH1 polymorphisms that have been associated to gastric cancer. We report other types of malignancies associated to HDGC, besides diffuse gastric cancer. Moreover, we review the data available on putative alternative candidate genes screened in familial gastric cancer. Finally, we briefly discuss the role of low-penetrance genes and Helicobacter pylori in gastric cancer. This knowledge is a fundamental step towards accurate genetic counselling, in which a highly specialised pre-symptomatic therapeutic intervention should be offered.

Language: English

Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific