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Fermented agar by-product and sunflower cake mixture as feedstuff for European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Title
Fermented agar by-product and sunflower cake mixture as feedstuff for European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax)
Type
Article in International Scientific Journal
Year
2024
Authors
Ferreira, M
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Ramos-Oliveira, C
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Magalhaes, R
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Martins, N
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Ozório, ROA
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Salgado, JM
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Belo, I
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Peres, H
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Journal
Vol. 315
ISSN: 0377-8401
Publisher: Elsevier
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Authenticus ID: P-010-R1S
Abstract (EN): Industrial agar production from red seaweeds such as Gelidium sp. generates large quantities of byproducts (GBP), often discarded as waste. GBP and sunflower cake (SC) are under-valorized as feedstuff due to their high non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) content. Solid-state fermentation (SSF) may disrupt NSP and improve their nutritional value. This study evaluated the utilization of Aspergillus ibericus and Aspergillus niger for SSF of a GBP and SC mixture (1:1 ratio; Gmix). SSF with A. ibericus decreased neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content (P < 0.05) along with high beta-glucosidase activity (P < 0.05). SSF with A. niger increased crude protein, reduced NDF and acid detergent fiber (ADF) content, and produced higher xylanase, cellulase, and protease activities (P < 0.05). A 63-day growth trial with European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles tested four isoproteic and isolipidic diets (44 % protein; 16 % lipids): a control diet without Gmix and three diets incorporating 10 % Gmix unfermented (diet Gmix), fermented by A. ibericus (diet Gmixibericus), or by A. niger (diet Gmix-niger). The Gmix and Gmix-ibericus diets promoted similar growth to the control, but the Gmix-ibericus diet supported higher feed efficiency, nitrogen, and energy utilization than the control diet (P < 0.05). The Gmix-niger diet negatively affected overall growth, feed intake, and utilization. Plasma metabolite levels, hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities, and lipid peroxidation were similar among diets. However, the Gmix-ibericus diet reduced total and oxidized glutathione levels (P < 0.05). Overall, G-mix or Gmix-ibericus diets did not compromise European seabass performance or oxidative status, with the Gmix-ibericus diet enhancing feed utilization efficiency by 25 %. Further studies are needed to understand the negative impact of the Gmix-niger diet on the European seabass.
Language: English
Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific
No. of pages: 12
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