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Insulin enhances contextual fear memory independently of its effect in increasing plasma adrenaline

Title
Insulin enhances contextual fear memory independently of its effect in increasing plasma adrenaline
Type
Article in International Scientific Journal
Year
2023
Authors
Oliveira, A
(Author)
Other
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Seixas, R
(Author)
Other
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Pereira, F
(Author)
Other
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Azevedo, M
(Author)
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Martinho, R
(Author)
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Maria Paula Serrão
(Author)
FMUP
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Moreira-Rodrigues, M
(Author)
ICBAS
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Journal
Title: Life SciencesImported from Authenticus Search for Journal Publications
Vol. 328
ISSN: 0024-3205
Publisher: Elsevier
Other information
Authenticus ID: P-00Y-QQH
Resumo (PT):
Abstract (EN): Aims: Adrenaline enhances contextual fear memory consolidation possibly by activating liver & beta;2-adrenoceptors causing transient hyperglycaemia. Contrastingly, insulin-induced hypoglycaemia may culminate in blood adrenaline increment, hidering the separation of each hormone's action in contextual fear memory. Therefore, an adrenaline-deficient mouse model was used aiming to investigate if contextual fear memory consolidation following insulin administration requires or not subsequent increases in plasma adrenaline, which occurs in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia.Main methods: Fear conditioning was performed in wild-type (WT) and adrenaline-deficient (Pnmt-KO) male mice (129 x 1/SvJ) treated with insulin (2 U/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.)) or vehicle (0.9 % NaCl (i.p.)). Blood glucose was quantified. Catecholamines were quantified using HPLC with electrochemical detection. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to assess mRNA expression of hippocampal Nr4a1, Nr4a2, Nr4a3, and Bdnf genes. Key findings: Insulin-treated WT mice showed increased freezing behaviour when compared to vehicle-treated WT mice. Also, plasma dopamine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline increased in this group. Insulin-treated Pnmt-KO animals showed increased freezing behaviour when compared with respective vehicle. However, no changes in plasma or tissue catecholamines were identified in insulin-treated Pnmt-KO mice when compared with respective vehicle. Furthermore, insulin-treated Pnmt-KO mice presented increased Bdnf mRNA expression when compared to vehicle-treated Pnmt-KO mice.Significance: Concluding, enhanced freezing behaviour after insulin treatment, even in adrenaline absence, may indicate a key role of insulin in contextual fear memory. Insulin may cause central molecular changes promoting contextual fear memory formation and/or retrieval. This work may indicate a further role of insulin in the process of contextual fear memory modulation.
Language: English
Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific
No. of pages: 14
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