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Upper Airway Obstruction in a Newborn: A Rare Cause of Respiratory Distress

Title
Upper Airway Obstruction in a Newborn: A Rare Cause of Respiratory Distress
Type
Article in International Scientific Journal
Year
2022
Authors
Santos, NR
(Author)
Other
The person does not belong to the institution. The person does not belong to the institution. The person does not belong to the institution. Without AUTHENTICUS Without ORCID
Mota, R
(Author)
Other
The person does not belong to the institution. The person does not belong to the institution. The person does not belong to the institution. Without AUTHENTICUS Without ORCID
Goncalves, A
(Author)
Other
The person does not belong to the institution. The person does not belong to the institution. The person does not belong to the institution. Without AUTHENTICUS Without ORCID
Spratley, J
(Author)
Other
The person does not belong to the institution. The person does not belong to the institution. The person does not belong to the institution. Without AUTHENTICUS Without ORCID
Journal
Vol. 14
Publisher: Springer Nature
Indexing
Publicação em ISI Web of Knowledge ISI Web of Knowledge - 0 Citations
Other information
Authenticus ID: P-00W-8Y4
Resumo (PT):
Abstract (EN): Newborns are considered obligate nasal breathers until the eighth week of life. Therefore, upper nasal obstruction in a newborn can present as a potentially life-threatening complication. Congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis (CNPAS) is a rare form of upper airway obstruction caused by a narrowing without occlusion in the most anterior opening of the bony nasal airways. According to the severity of this stenosis, early onset of respiratory symptoms can arise in the newborn. In this article, we present the case of a male term newborn with no prior relevant family history and uneventful gestation delivered in a eutocic manner with an adequate transition to the extra-uterine environment. On his first day of life, progressive respiratory distress, inability to breastfeed, and impossibility to make nasogastric probe progress through both sides of the nose were observed, leading the newborn to be admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit. During imagiological assessment with perinasal computerized tomography (CT) scan, an almost total occlusion of the pyriform aperture and a solitary median maxillary central incisor (SMMCI) were identified. Additional evaluation with brain magnetic nuclear resonance imaging (MRI) was unremarkable with no midline defects identified. Endocrine laboratory assessment was also normal. The newborn underwent pyriform aperture permeabilization surgery via a sublabial approach with bilateral nasal stent introduction, enabling total resolution of the initial respiratory symptoms. No incurrences were reported during the post-operatory follow-up period. With the present case report, the authors are trying to raise awareness for CNPAS not only as a rare cause of respiratory distress in the newborn but also as a clinical entity that can be associated with midline defects, which require further additional investigation and intervention.
Language: English
Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific
No. of pages: 8
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