Multicomponent Training Program with Weight-Bearing Exercises Elicits Favorable Bone Density, Muscle Strength, and Balance Adaptations in Older Women

• Type: Article in International Scientific Journal
• Date: 2011

Authors

Elisa A Marques (Author) Other; Jorge Mota (Author) FADEUP; Leandro Machado (Author) FADEUP; Filipa Sousa (Author) Other; Margarida Coelho (Author) Other; Pedro Moreira (Author) FCNAUP; Joana Carvalho (Author) FADEUP

Journal

Title: Calcified Tissue International

Vol. 88 No. 2

Pages: 117-129

ISSN: 0171-967X

Publisher: Springer Nature

Indexing

ISI Web of Knowledge - 66 Citations

Scopus - 73 Citations

Scientific classification

FOS: Medical and Health sciences > Clinical medicine

Other information

Authenticus ID: P-002-VEJ

DOI: 10.1007/s00223-010-9437-1

Abstract (EN): Physical exercise is advised as a preventive and therapeutic strategy against aging-induced bone weakness. In this study we examined the effects of 8-month multicomponent training with weight-bearing exercises on different risk factors of falling, including muscle strength, balance, agility, and bone mineral density (BMD) in older women. Participants were randomly assigned to either an exercise-training group (ET, n = 30) or a control group (CON, n = 30). Twenty-seven subjects in the ET group and 22 in the CON group completed the study. Training was performed twice a week and was designed to load bones with intermittent and multidirectional compressive forces and to improve physical function. Outcome measures included lumbar spine and proximal femoral BMD (by dual X-ray absorptiometry), muscle strength, balance, handgrip strength, walking performance, fat mass, and anthropometric data. Potential confounding variables included dietary intake, accelerometer-based physical activity, and molecularly defined lactase nonpersistence. After 8 months, the ET group decreased percent fat mass and improved handgrip strength, postural sway, strength on knee flexion at 180A degrees/s, and BMD at the femoral neck (+2.8%). Both groups decreased waist circumference and improved dynamic balance, chair stand performance, strength on knee extension for the right leg at 180A degrees/s, and knee flexion for both legs at 60A degrees/s. No associations were found between lactase nonpersistence and BMD changes. Data suggest that 8 months of moderate-impact weight-bearing and multicomponent exercises reduces the potential risk factors for falls and related fractures in older women.

Language: English

Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific

No. of pages: 13