Neurohumoral activation, sodium excretion vasodilator therapy in heart failure [Activação neurohumoral, regulação da excreção renal de sódio e tratamento vasodilatador na insuficiência cardíaca]

• Type: Article in International Scientific Journal
• Date: 2002

Authors

Pimenta J (Author) Other; Pereira, M (Author) Other; Castro, A (Author) Other; Dias, P (Author) Other; Azevedo A (Author) FMUP; Bettencourt P (Author) FMUP; Ferreira A (Author) FMUP

Journal

Title: Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia

Vol. 21 No. 9

Pages: 157-162

ISSN: 0870-2551

Publisher: Sociedade Portuguesa De Cardiologia

Indexing

Scopus - 0 Citations

Other information

Authenticus ID: P-007-A3J

Abstract (EN): Background: The benefits of vasodilator therapy guided by hemodynamic goals in patients with severe heart failure (HF) are well documented. Nevertheless, therapy induced arterial underfilling may activate compensatory neurohumoral mechanisms and sodium retention. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of vasodilator therapy on neurohumoral activation and sodium excretion in severe HF patients submitted to tailored therapy guided by hemodynamic parameters. Methods: Ten male patients (aged 70.2±2.9 years) with severe HF (left ventricle ejection fraction = 15.2±1.1%) were evaluated according to hemodynamic parameters and plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), norepinephrine, aldosterone, plasma renin activity (PRA), sodium and creatinine and urinary levels of sodium and creatinine, prior to beginning of nitroprusside therapy, every six hours thereafter (for 24 hours) and again after five days of inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) with lisinopril. Results: Nitroprusside therapy caused marked increase in cardiac index and substantial reduction in systemic vascular resistance index. Plasma levels of BNP falled significantly while those of PRA, aldosterone and norephrine markedly rose, causing substantial reduction of sodium urinary excretion. There were no changes in renal function. Following ACE inhibition by lisinopril, BNP and sodium plasma levels rose, but BNP values remained significantly lower than the initial ones. Norepinephrine and aldosterone returned to base levels and PRA rose sharply. There was an intense natriuretic response and significant elevation of urinary volume. Urinary creatinine and creatinine clearance decreased non-significantly. Conclusions: Our results show that intensive vasodilator therapy in patients with severe HF improves hemodynamic parameters and causes activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and adrenergic systems, resulting in sodium retention. Nevertheless, this neurohumoral activation is reversed by ACE inhibitors, thus supporting the "wide spectrum" neurohumoral modulation role attributed to these drugs.

Language: Portuguese

Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific