Compositional analysis by RBS, XPS and EDX of ZnO:Al,Bi and ZnO:Ga,Bi thin films deposited by d.c. magnetron sputtering

• Type: Article in International Scientific Journal
• Date: 2019-03-01

Authors

Joana Ribeiro (Author) Other; FIlipe Correia (Author) Other; Paulo Salvador (Author) Other; Luís Rebouta (Author) Other; Luís Alves (Author) Other; Eduardo Alves (Author) Other; Nuno Barradas (Author) Other; Adélio Mendes (Author) FEUP; Carlos Tavares (Author) Other

Journal

Title: Vacuum

Vol. 161

Pages: 268-275

ISSN: 0042-207X

Publisher: Elsevier

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Scopus - 26 Citations

Associated Projects

WINPSC - Novos avanços tecnológicos para a terceira geração de células solares sensibilizadas com perovskita

Other information

Authenticus ID: P-00Q-812

DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2018.12.038

Abstract (EN): Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopies were employed to analyse Bi incorporation into ZnO:Al and ZnO:Ga transparent and electrically conductive thin films deposited by d.c. magnetron sputtering, with thickness in the range of 300-400 nm. Sputtering was performed in an argon atmosphere from two targets in confocal geometry being one composed of either ZnO:Al2O3 or ZnO:Ga2O3 composites and the other a Bi metal target. The content of bismuth dopant in the ZnO matrix was controlled by the respective target current density (J(Bi)) in order to attain a high optical transparency ( >80%) in the visible region. For ZnO:Al,Bi films Bi content varied from 0.1 to a maximum of 1.5 at.% when varying hi from 0.06 to 0.26 mA cm(-2). However, for ZnO:Ga,Bi films, deposited in similar conditions, Bi reached a maximum overall layer content of 2.4 at.%, with a surface enrichment content that varied from 1.3 to 8.8 at.%. It was also observed that the Bi content in the topmost layers of the films is slightly depleted due to thermal evaporation upon thermal annealing in vacuum at 350 degrees C. It is envisaged applications for these films as transparent photoelectrodes and thermoelectric materials.

Language: English

Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific

No. of pages: 8