Occurrence of personal care products and transformation processes in chlorinated waters

• Type: Another Publication in an International Scientific Journal
• Date: 2015

Authors

de Oliveira e Sá, MM (Author) Other; Miranda, MS (Author) Other; Joaquim C G E Esteves da Silva (Author) FCUP

Journal

The Journal is awaiting validation by the Administrative Services.

Title: Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

Vol. 122

Pages: 123-136

ISSN: 1867-979X

Indexing

Scopus - 1 Citation

Other information

Authenticus ID: P-00P-WHV

DOI: 10.1007/698_2014_263

Abstract (EN): Personal care products (PCPs) have been found in surface water, wastewater, tap water, and swimming pool water. The chlorine used in the disinfection process of water reacts with these compounds generating chlorinated byproducts that may possess enhanced toxicity. In the case of swimming pool water chlorine also reacts with organic material released by swimmers such as amino acids and other nitrogen compounds yielding chlorinated compounds. Besides this organic material, sunscreen cosmetics used by swimmers are also released into pool water and react with chlorine. UV-Filters 2-ethylhexyl-p-dimethylaminobenzoate (EHDPABA), benzophenone-3 (BP-3), benzophenone- 4 (BP-4), 2-ethylhexyl-4-methoxycinnamate (EHMC), and 4-tert-butyl- 40-methoxy-dibenzoylmethane (BDM) are known to suffer an electrophilic aromatic substitution of one or two atoms of hydrogen per one or two chlorine atoms leading to mono- and di-chlorinated byproducts. It has also been observed the presence of halobenzoquinones (HBQs) in pool water that results from the chlorination of UV-filters such as BDM, octocrylene, and terephthalilidene dicamphor sulfonic acid. The chlorination of some parabens has also been studied. It is known that some of the formed chlorinated byproducts are genotoxic. In this chapter we present a review on the work done so far to determine the stability of PCPs in chlorinated water and to identify the chlorinated byproducts. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014.

Language: English

Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific