Use of hybrid chitosan membranes and human mesenchymal stem cells from the Wharton jelly of umbilical cord for promoting nerve regeneration in an axonotmesis rat model

• Type: Article in International Scientific Journal
• Date: 2012

Authors

Gaertner, A (Author) Other; Pereira, T (Author) Other; Simoes, MJ (Author) Other; Armada da Silva, PAS (Author) Other; Franca, ML (Author) Other; Sousa, R (Author) Other; Bompasso, S (Author) Other; Raimondo, S (Author) Other; Shirosaki, Y (Author) Other; Nakamura, Y (Author) Other; Hayakawa, S (Author) Other; Osakah, A (Author) Other; Beatriz Porto (Author) ICBAS; Luis, AL (Author) Other; Varejao, ASP (Author) Other; Mauricio, AC (Author) ICBAS

Journal

Title: Neural Regeneration Research

Vol. 7

Pages: 2247-2258

ISSN: 1673-5374

Publisher: Wolters Kluwer Health

Indexing

ISI Web of Knowledge - 14 Citations

Scopus - 20 Citations

Other information

Authenticus ID: P-002-4EM

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.29.002

Abstract (EN): Many studies have been dedicated to the development of scaffolds for improving post-traumatic nerve regeneration. The goal of this study was to assess the effect on nerve regeneration, associating a hybrid chitosan membrane with non-differentiated human mesenchymal stem cells isolated from Wharton's jelly of umbilical cord, in peripheral nerve reconstruction after crush injury. Chromosome analysis on human mesenchymal stem cell line from Wharton's jelly was carried out and no structural alterations were found in metaphase. Chitosan membranes were previously tested in vitro, to assess their ability in supporting human mesenchymal stem cell survival, expansion, and differentiation. For the in vivo testing, Sasco Sprague adult rats were divided in 4 groups of 6 or 7 animals each: Group 1, sciatic axonotmesis injury without any other intervention (Group 1-Crush); Group 2, the axonotmesis lesion of 3 mm was infiltrated with a suspension of 1 250-1 500 human mesenchymal stem cells (total volume of 50 mu L) (Group 2-CrushCell); Group 3, axonotmesis lesion of 3 mm was enwrapped with a chitosan type III membrane covered with a monolayer of non-differentiated human mesenchymal stem cells (Group 3-CrushChitIIICell) and Group 4, axonotmesis lesion of 3 mm was enwrapped with a chitosan type III membrane (Group 4-CrushChitIII). Motor and sensory functional recovery was evaluated throughout a healing period of 12 weeks using sciatic functional index, static sciatic index, extensor postural thrust, and withdrawal reflex latency. Stereological analysis was carried out on regenerated nerve fibers. Results showed that infiltration of human mesenchymal stem cells, or the combination of chitosan membrane enwrapment and human mesenchymal stem cell enrichment after nerve crush injury provide a slight advantage to post-traumatic nerve regeneration. Results obtained with chitosan type III membrane alone confirmed that they significantly improve post-traumatic axonal regrowth and may represent a very promising clinical tool in peripheral nerve reconstructive surgery. Yet, umbilical cord human mesenchymal stem cells, that can be expanded in culture and induced to form several different types of cells, may prove, in future experiments, to be a new source of cells for cell therapy, including targets such as peripheral nerve and muscle.

Language: English

Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific

No. of pages: 12