The genetic code of the fungal CTG clade

• Type: Another Publication in an International Scientific Journal
• Date: 2011

Authors

Santos, MAS (Author) Other; Gomes, AC (Author) Other; Santos, MC (Author) Other; Carreto, LC (Author) Other; Moura, GR (Author) Other

Journal

Title: Comptes Rendus - Biologies

Vol. 334

Pages: 607-611

ISSN: 1631-0691

Publisher: Academie des Sciences

Indexing

ISI Web of Knowledge - 76 Citations

Scopus - 82 Citations

Other information

Authenticus ID: P-002-NZW

DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2011.05.008

Abstract (EN): Genetic code alterations discovered over the last 40 years in bacteria and eukaryotes invalidate the hypothesis that the code is universal and frozen. Mitochondria of various yeast species translate the UGA stop codon as tryptophan (Trp) and leucine (Leu) CUN codons (N = any nucleotide) as threonine (Thr) and fungal CTG clade species reassigned Leu CUG codons to serine and translate them ambiguously in their cytoplasms. This unique sense-to-sense genetic code alteration is mediated by a Ser-tRNA containing a Leu 5'-CAG-3'anticodon (ser-tRNA(CAG)), which is recognized and charged with Ser (similar to 97%) by the seryl-tRNA synthetase (SerRS) and with Leu (similar to 3%) by the leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LeuRS). This unusual tRNA appeared 272 +/- 25 million years ago and had a profound impact on the evolution of the CTG clade species. Here, we review the most recent results and concepts arising from the study of this codon reassignment and we highlight how its study is changing our views of the evolution of the genetic code.

Language: English

Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific

No. of pages: 5