Ecological predictive maintenance in urban fleets

• Type: Article in International Conference Proceedings Book
• Date: 2010

Authors

Simoes, A (Author) Other; Farinha, JT (Author) Other; Fonseca, I (Author) Other; Luis Andrade Ferreira (Author) FEUP

Conference proceedings International

Title: Proceedings of the 5th IASME / WSEAS International Conference on ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT (EE'10)

Pages: 46-53

5th IASME / WSEAS International Conference on ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT (EE'10)

Cambridge, UK, 23 a 25 de Fevereiro de 2010

Indexing

ISI Web of Knowledge - 1 Citation

Other information

Authenticus ID: P-003-CK6

Abstract (EN): Motor vehicles are one of the largest sources of air pollutants worldwide. Several studies had concluded that particulate matter (PM) are responsible for some respiratory, cardiovascular, lung diseases, increasing in death from heart and may cause lung cancer. Others studies refer that PM are one of the most important pollutants of the Diesel vehicles. Another important pollutant from the vehicles emission gases are the nitrogen oxides (NO) that are produced from the burning of engine fuel. In developed countries, road transports are responsible for about 50% of all NO emissions that also have an important contribution for the formation of acid rain. At same time, these pollutants combined with hydrocarbons contribute to form low level ozone pollution. Other pollutant is the carbon monoxide (CO) that is generated from the incomplete burning of engine fuel. The road traffic produces about 90% of all CO emissions in developed countries. When it is inhaled it reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood and can cause headaches, fatigue, stress, respiratory problems and, at high levels, may cause death. At last, it arises the hydrocarbons (HC) that are compounds of hydrogen and carbon and are present in petrol and diesel. In developed countries, road traffic is responsible for about 35% of all HC emissions, which react with nitrogen oxides to produce a number of pollutants, including ozone, which can affect human health and also causes plant damage. Benzene itself can cause some forms of cancer. On-road remote sensing can address the problem of inter-vehicle differences by quickly and cheaply measure the emissions of large numbers of vehicles. These measurements can be used to define the contribution of total vehicle emissions to the air pollution in a specific area and to identify groups of vehicles, even specific vehicles and operating conditions that result in very high emissions. These data provide important information for the design of mitigation strategies. These are the subjects that are treated in the paper and specifically the related to urban transports. It also is analysed the effect of Vehicle Specific Power (VSP) on emissions detected, that represents the effect of engine load on emissions. Another subject that is treated, with value-added in innovation, is the use of Hidden Markov Models (HMM) to determine the vehicle state, where the models incorporate a double stochastic process, with a non visible stochastic process, because it is not seen but can be observed through another stochastic process that produces the sequence of observations that, in this case, are pollutant emissions. The time series of collected data corresponds to inputs to an HMM for dysfunction classification.

Language: English

Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific

No. of pages: 8