Systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials of the effects of low carbohydrate diets on cardiovascular risk factors

• Type: Another Publication in an International Scientific Journal
• Date: 2012

Authors

Santos, FL (Author) Other; Esteves, SS (Author) Other; Costa-Pereira A (Author) FMUP; Yancy, WS (Author) Other; José Pedro Nunes (Author) FMUP

Journal

Title: Obesity Reviews

Vol. 13

Pages: 1048-1066

ISSN: 1467-7881

Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell

Indexing

ISI Web of Knowledge - 207 Citations

Scopus - 236 Citations

Other information

Authenticus ID: P-002-466

DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2012.01021.x

Abstract (EN): A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out to study the effects of low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) on weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors (search performed on PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Scopus databases). A total of 23 reports, corresponding to 17 clinical investigations, were identified as meeting the pre-specified criteria. Meta-analysis carried out on data obtained in 1,141 obese patients, showed the LCD to be associated with significant decreases in body weight (-7.04 kg [95% CI -7.20/-6.88]), body mass index (-2.09 kg m-2[95% CI -2.15/-2.04]), abdominal circumference (-5.74 cm [95% CI -6.07/-5.41]), systolic blood pressure (-4.81 mm Hg [95% CI -5.33/-4.29]), diastolic blood pressure (-3.10 mm Hg [95% CI -3.45/-2.74]), plasma triglycerides (-29.71 mg dL-1[95% CI -31.99/-27.44]), fasting plasma glucose (-1.05 mg dL-1[95% CI -1.67/-0.44]), glycated haemoglobin (-0.21% [95% CI -0.24/-0.18]), plasma insulin (-2.24 micro IU mL-1[95% CI -2.65/-1.82]) and plasma C-reactive protein, as well as an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (1.73 mg dL-1[95%CI 1.44/2.01]). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and creatinine did not change significantly, whereas limited data exist concerning plasma uric acid. LCD was shown to have favourable effects on body weight and major cardiovascular risk factors; however the effects on long-term health are unknown.

Language: English

Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific

No. of pages: 19