Systemic macrophage and neutrophil destruction by secondary necrosis induced by a bacterial exotoxin in a Gram-negative septicaemia

• Type: Article in International Scientific Journal
• Date: 2007

Authors

do Vale, A (Author) Other; Costa Ramos, C (Author) Other; Silva, A (Author) Other; Silva, DSP (Author) Other; Fátima Gärtner (Author) ICBAS; dos Santos, NMS (Author) Other; Silva, MT (Author) Other

Journal

Title: Cellular Microbiology

Vol. 9

Pages: 988-1003

ISSN: 1462-5814

Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell

Indexing

ISI Web of Knowledge - 20 Citations

Scopus - 20 Citations

Other information

Authenticus ID: P-004-ARF

DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2006.00846.x

Abstract (EN): Bacterial modulation of phagocyte cell death is an emerging theme in pathogenesis. Here we describe the systemic destruction of macrophages and neutrophils by the Gram-negative Photobacterium damselae ssp. piscicida (Phdp) in fish pasteurellosis, a deadly systemic infection. Following experimental inoculation, Phdp spreads by bacteraemia and colonizes the organs, producing a septicaemic infection, and secretes the apoptogenic exotoxin AIP56 which is systemically disseminated. In experimental and natural pasteurellosis, destruction of macrophages and neutrophils by secondary necrosis following caspase-3-associated apoptosis was seen predominantly in the spleen, head kidney and gut lamina propria. Identical phagocyte destruction occurred after injection of rAIP56, but not of heat-inactivated rAIP56, or AIP56-negative Phdp strains, indicating that AIP56 is responsible for phagocyte destruction occurring in pasteurellosis. Active caspase-3 and active neutrophil elastase are present in the blood in advanced infection, indicating that phagocyte lysis by secondary necrosis is accompanied by release of tissue-damaging molecules. The AIP56-induced lysis of phagocytes represents a very efficient, self-amplifying etiopathogenic mechanism, because it results in two effects that operate in concert against the host, namely, evasion of the pathogen from a crucial defence mechanism through the destruction of both professional phagocytes, and release of tissue-damaging molecules. The induction by a bacterial exotoxin of in vivo systemic lysis of both professional phagocytes by secondary necrosis, now described for the first time, may represent an overlooked etiopathogenic mechanism operating in other infections of vertebrates.

Language: English

Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific

No. of pages: 16