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Aleitamento materno e caracterização dos hábitos alimentares na primeira infância: experiência de São Tomé e Príncipe

Title
Aleitamento materno e caracterização dos hábitos alimentares na primeira infância: experiência de São Tomé e Príncipe
Type
Article in International Scientific Journal
Year
2014
Authors
Silva, Diana
(Author)
FCNAUP
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Nóbrega, L.
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Valente, A.
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Dias, C.
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Almeida, F.
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Cruz, J.L.
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Neves, E.
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Afonso, C.
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Guerra, A.
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FMDUP
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Journal
Vol. 14 No. 3
Pages: 269-277
ISSN: 1519-3829
Indexing
Publicação em Scopus Scopus
SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online
Scientific classification
FOS: Medical and Health sciences
CORDIS: Health sciences
Other information
Resumo (PT): Objetivos: avaliação da amamentação, da diversificação e frequência alimentar, em crianças de São Tomé e Príncipe (STP). Métodos: trata-se de uma amostra constituída por 1285 crianças. O protocolo incluiu a prevalência do aleitamento materno exclusivo (AME) e Total (AMT), início da diversificação alimentar (DA) e um questionário de frequência alimentar. O tratamento estatístico foi efetuado no SPSS®. Os resultados foram apresentados de acordo com o total da amostra. Resultados: 45,5% são do sexo feminino e a média de idades 26±18 meses. 46,6% fez AME até aos 6 meses (média 5±2). A média de AMT foi 12±7 meses e o início da DA aos 6±3 meses (mediana=6), sendo as farinhas e a canja de peixe os primeiros alimentos oferecidos. 42% das crianças são incluídas na dieta familiar aos 7±3 meses (mediana=6). Elevada porcentagem de crianças nunca ingere: leite de vaca (74%) ou iogurte (40%), contrariamente ao elevado consumo de óleo alimentar (34%) e açúcar (33%). A idade média de iniciação da cerveja é aos 18±12 meses e vinho de palma 13±10 meses. Conclusões: observa-se uma elevada prevalência de AME e uma precoce introdução da DA. Embora existam recursos alimentares disponíveis, não há informação/ formação adequada para elaborar um plano alimentar saudável durante a infância.
Abstract (EN): Objectives: to evaluate breastfeeding and the frequency and diversification of feeding, in children in São Tomé e Príncipe (STP). Methods: the sample comprised 1,285 children. The protocol included the prevalence of exclusive (EMB) and total (TMB) maternal breastfeeding, the onset of nutritional diversification (ND) and a questionnaire on the frequency of feeding. The statistics were processed using SPSS®. The results were presented in terms of the total sample. Results: 45.5% of the babies were female and the mean age 26±18 months. 46.6% were given EMB up to the age of six months (mean 5±2). The mean for TMB was 12±7 months and the onset of ND at 6±3 months (median=6), with corn flour and fish soup being the first solid foods offered. 42% ate the same as the rest of the family at 7±3 months (median=6). High percentages of children never ingested cow's milk (74%) or yogurt (40%), in contrast to the high consumption of cooking oil (34%) and sugar (33%). The mean age for beginning to drink beer was 18±12 months and for beginning to drink palm wine 13±10 months. Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of EMB and early introduction of ND. Although nutritional resources are available, there is no adequate information or training on how to draw up a healthy eating plan for infants.
Language: Portuguese
Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific
Contact: dianasilva@fcna.up.pt
Notes: <a href="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S1519-38292014000300269&script=sci_arttext">Publicação indexada na Scielo </a>
License type: Click to view license CC BY-NC
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