Fundamental Rights

Code:

D502

Acronym:

DFUND

Keywords
Classification	Keyword
OFICIAL	Legal Sciences

Instance: 2003/2004 - 1S

Active?	Yes
Course/CS Responsible:	Law

Cycles of Study/Courses

Acronym	No. of Students	Study Plan	Curricular Years	Credits UCN	Credits ECTS	Contact hours	Total Time
D	84	Official Study Plan - LD	5	-	7	-

Objectives

· To provide a more specific preparation, theory and practical, in the political-legal sphere, now with the advantage of a prior consideration throughout the course.
. To encourage individual (or, exceptionally, small group) “creativity”, with a view to fostering a deep scientific understanding and, as far as possible, to motivate research, with a tendency to autonomous results.

Program

Chapter I - The concept of fundamental rights
§ 1. The idea
§ 2. Historical Experience
§ 3. The Portuguese Context
§ 4. The meaning of the 1976 Constitution

Chapter II - Theory of the Constitution and Fundamental Rights
§ 1. Fundamental Rights and the Constitution
§ 2. The idea of limitation
§ 3. The opening of a list of fundamental rights
§ 4. Legal protection without loopholes

Chapter III - General theory of fundamental rights
§ 1. Need for and possibility of a general objective theory of fundamental rights
§ 2. Purpose and functions
§ 3. Its place in the framework of so-called “theories of fundamental rights”

Chapter IV - The concept of a norm of a fundamental right
§ 1. Norm and formulation of a norm of fundamental rights
§ 2. Enumerated rights and unenumerated rights
§ 3. The recognition of the “dual character” of fundamental rights
§ 4. The general principle of equality

Chapter V - The structure of the norms of fundamental rights
§ 1. Open system and closed system
§ 2. The model of rules and principles proposed by Dworkin
§ 3. Its development into the tripartite model proposed by Alexy and Gomes Canotilho
3.1. The pure rules model
3.2. The rules/principles model
3.3. The rules/principles/procedures model

Chapter VI - The structure of the norms of fundamental rights (cont.)
§ 1. The “social” function of fundamental rights
§ 2. Economic, social and cultural rights
§ 3. The social State
§ 4. The opening of “new” fundamental rights

Chapter VII - The application of fundamental rights
§ 1. Interpretation and application of fundamental rights
§ 2. The concept of consolidation
§ 3. The legal application

Chapter VIII - Restriction and configuration of fundamental rights
§ 1. The concepts of restriction and configuration
§ 2. Types of restriction
2.1. Restrictions directly authorised by the Constitution
2.2. Restrictions indirectly authorised by the Constitution
§ 4. The principle of the “reservation of a restrictive law"
§ 3. The guarantee of the “essential content” as the limit of limits or ultimate barrier to consolidation

Chapter IX - The constitutionalisation of “new” fundamental rights
§ 1. Rights and claims
§ 2. Legal and institutional recognition
§ 3. The guarantee of public powers
§ 4. Realisation through the intervention of judicial authority

Chapter X - Delimitation of fundamental rights in a concrete situation
§ 1. The terms of the problem
§ 2. Counterweight of values and counterweight of goods in a concrete situation
§ 3. The inevitability of counterweight
§ 4. Ordering of goods in a concrete situation
4.1. Individual rights
4.2. Collective goods
Chapter XI - The “expansive force” of fundamental rights
§ 1. Definition of the concept
§ 2. The constitutionalisation of the private right
§ 3. Its expression in the State/citizens relation and in the citizens/citizens relation

Chapter XII - The future of fundamental rights
§ 1. Could there be a public-legal theory of fundamental rights?
§ 2. The irreplaceable action of the Courts

Main Bibliography

ALEXY, Robert, Theorie der Grundrechte, Frankfurt am Main, 1986 (there is a Spanish translation: “Teoria de los Derechos Fundamentales”, CEC, Madrid, 1993).

ANDRADE, J. C. Vieira de, Os Direitos Fundamentais na Consti-tuição de 1976, Coimbra, 1983.

BALDASSARRE, Antonio, Diritti della Personna e Valori Costituzionali, Turin, 1997.

BOBBIO, Norberto, L’ Età dei diritti, 1990-1992, Turin, 1992.

CABRILLAC/FRISON-ROCHE/REVET (dir.), Droits et libertés fon-damentaux, 6th ed., Paris: Dalloz, 2000.

CANOTILHO, J. J. Gomes, Direitos Fundamentais, Procedimento, Processo e Organização, Boletim da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de Coimbra, 1990.
— Direito Constitucional e Teoria da Constituição, 4th ed., Coimbra, 2000.

DWORKIN, Ronald M., Taking Rights Seriously, 4th ed., London, 1984.
¾ Unenumerated Rights: Whether or How Roe Should Be Overruled, in: STONE/EPSTEIN/SUNSTEIN (eds.), "The Bill of Rights in the Modern State", Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1992, pp. 381 ff.
— Freedom's Law. The Moral Reading of the American Constitution, New York: Oxford University Press, 1996, pp. 72, 147 ff.
— Sovereign Virtue. The Theory and Practice of Equality, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2000.

FERRAJOLI, Luigi, Diritti fondamentali, Bari, 2001.

HÄBERLE, Peter, Die Wesengehaltsgarantie des Art. 9 Abs 2 Grundgesetz (trad. it. "Le libertà fondamentali nello Stato costituzionale"), Rome, 1993.

ISENSEE/KIRCHOF (eds.), Handbuch des Staatsrechts der Bundes-republik Deutschland, V, 2nd ed., Heidelberga, 2000.

MIRANDA, Jorge, Manual de Direito Constitucional, IV, 3rd ed., Coimbra, 2000.
¾ Direitos do Homem. Principais textos internacionais, 2ª ed., Lisboa, 1989.

MODUGNO, Franco, I “nuovi diritti” nella giurisprudenza costitu-zionale, Turin, 1995.

QUEIROZ, Cristina M. M., Interpretação Constitucional e Poder Judicial. Sobre a epistemologia da construção constitucional, Coimbra, 2000.
¾ Relatório. Direitos Fundamentais, cyclostyled., Porto, 2000.

PÉREZ LUNO, Antonio E., Derechos Humanos, Estado de Derecho y Constitución, 3rd ed., Madrid, 1990.
¾ (coord.), Derechos Humanos y Constitucionalismo ante el Tercer Milenio, Madrid, 1996.

PERRY, Michael J., The Idea of Human Rights, Oxford University Press, 1998.

RAWLS, John, A Theory of Justice (Castilian transl. "Teoría de la Justicia"), México, Madrid, 1979.
— Political Liberalism, New York: Columbia University Press, 1993.
— The Idea of Public Reason Revisited, in: J. RAWLS, "The Law of Peoples", Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1999, pp. 131 ff.

SANDEL, Michael J., Democracy's Discontent. America in Search of a Public Philosophy, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1996.

STERN, Klaus, Das Staatsrecht der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, III, 1 ("Allgemeine Lehren der Grundrechte"), Munich, 1988.

SEMINAR: Il principio di ragionevolezza nella giurisprudenza della Corte costituzionale. Riferimenti comparatistici. Proceedings of the Rome Seminar, 13-14 October 1992, Milan, 1994.

TRIBE, Laurence H., American Constitutional Law, 3rd ed., Mineola, New York: The Foundation Press, 2000, 2 vols.

WACHSMAN, Patrick, Libertés Publiques, 3rd ed., Paris: Dalloz, 2000.