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Auto-conceito em crianças com Hiperactividade e Défice de Atenção

Title
Auto-conceito em crianças com Hiperactividade e Défice de Atenção
Type
Article in National Scientific Journal
Year
2011
Authors
Catarina Maia
(Author)
Other
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Micaela Guardiano
(Author)
Other
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Victor Viana
(Author)
FCNAUP
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J. Paulo Almeida
(Author)
Other
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Maria Júlia Guimarães
(Author)
Other
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Journal
Vol. 24 No. S - 2
Pages: 493-502
ISSN: 0870-399X
Publisher: Ordem dos Medicos
Indexing
Pubmed / Medline
Scientific classification
FOS: Medical and Health sciences > Other medical sciences
Other information
Resumo (PT): A Perturbação de Hiperactividade com Défice de Atenção (PHDA) é um distúrbio que se caracteriza por défices significativos em múltiplos domínios da vida das crianças afectadas e interfere com o seu auto-conceito e auto-estima. No entanto, os estudos internacionais que avaliam a relação entre PHDA e auto-conceito têm chegado a resultados contraditórios e em Portugal este é um tema ainda pouco aprofundado. O presente trabalho teve como objectivos avaliar o auto-conceito global e em diferentes domínios (competência escolar, atlética, aparência física, comportamento e aceitação social) em crianças com PHDA, em comparação com um grupo controlo, e analisar qual a influência do subtipo de PHDA no auto-conceito. Foram estudadas 43 crianças seguidas na consulta de desenvolvimento de um hospital distrital universitário que apresentavam diagnóstico clínico de PHDA, e 59 crianças sem este diagnóstico. As crianças com PHDA foram divididas nos diferentes subtipos (predominantemente desatento, predominantemente hiperactivo/impulsivo e combinado) tendo em conta as Escalas de Conners Revistas, forma reduzida (versão portuguesa). A cada criança foi administrado o Self-Perception Profile for Children (SPPC). Na análise comparativa, verificou-se que o grupo de crianças com PHDA apresentava valores inferiores nos diferentes domínios de auto-conceito e no auto-conceito global, com uma diferença estatisticamente significativa a nível escolar e comportamental. Em relação aos diferentes subtipos de PHDA, apesar de os resultados não serem estatisticamente significativos, sugerem que as crianças se auto-percepcionam de maneira diferente consoante o subtipo. Tal discrepância foi mais evidente na competência escolar, em relação à qual as crianças predominantemente desatentas se consideraram menos capazes que as dos restantes subtipos. Neste estudo, tal como na bibliografia internacional, as crianças com PHDA estudadas apresentam um auto-conceito escolar e comportamental estatisticamente inferior ao das outras crianças da mesma idade, necessitando de todo o apoio para um desenvolvimento emocional saudável.
Abstract (EN): Self-Perception in Children with Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder The Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a disorder reflected by significant deficits in multiple domains, interfering with the self-perception and self-esteem of children. However, international studies that assess the relationship between ADHD and self-perception have come to contradictory results, and, in Portugal, this is still a little investigated subject. The present work aims to assess the self-percetion in different areas (scholastic competence, athletic competence, physical appearance, behaviour and social acceptance) in children with ADHD, comparing them with a control group. This study also tries to analyze whether the subtype of ADHD could interfere differently with the self-perception. We studied 43 children who had a clinical diagnosis of ADHD and 59 children without this diagnosis. Children with ADHD were divided into different subtypes in view of the revised Conners Scales (Portuguese version). The children completed the Self-Perception Profile for Children. From the analysis of averages comparison, it was found that the group of children with ADHD showed lower values in the different domains of self-perception, with a statistically significant difference in scholastic and behaviour self-percetions. Regarding the different subtypes of ADHD, the results were not statistically significant, but indicated that children perceive themselves differently depending on the subtype. This discrepancy was most evident in scholastic competence where children predominantly inattentive considered themselves less able than the others. In this study, as in the international literature, children with ADHD have an scholastic and behavioural self-percetion statistically inferior to other children of the same age, needing every possible suport for a healthy emocional development.
Language: Portuguese
Type (Professor's evaluation): Scientific
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